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Identifying changes in a loved one’s cognitive function can be a source of concern for many families. Recognizing the early indicators of dementia is a first step in understanding these changes and navigating the path forward. While some memory loss can be a normal part of aging, specific patterns in behavior and thinking may point toward something more progressive.
Notice Subtle Memory Shifts
One of the most common early signs of dementia can involve changes in short-term memory. While everyone misplaces their keys occasionally, consistent difficulty remembering newly learned information, dates, or recent events warrants attention. You might observe a loved one frequently asking the same questions, or they may retell the same stories within a short period.
Pay attention to these memory lapses. These behaviors are more than simple forgetfulness, as they represent a significant departure from the person’s previous abilities. It is helpful to note these changes if you need to discuss them with a healthcare professional.
Watch Communication Changes
In the early stages of cognitive decline, language and communication may be noticeably affected. Some signs to watch for can include:
- Struggling to find the right words during a conversation, often substituting them with incorrect or unusual terms.
- Difficulty following or joining a discussion.
- Sentences that become hard to understand.
- Frequently stopping mid-sentence or losing their train of thought.
- Repeating themselves often.
Track Daily Routine Disruptions
Disruptions in established daily routines can signal underlying cognitive issues. A person who once managed their finances meticulously may suddenly have trouble paying bills or balancing a checkbook. You might also notice changes in personal hygiene or household cleanliness. These difficulties often arise because complex, multi-step tasks become overwhelming, and they can impact an individual’s ability to live independently.
Observe Mood and Behavior
Significant shifts in mood and personality can accompany cognitive changes. These behavioral changes are not necessarily a reflection of their true character but can be a symptom of the challenges they are experiencing internally. These may include:
- Becoming uncharacteristically confused, suspicious, anxious, or easily upset, especially in unfamiliar environments.
- Withdrawing from social activities or hobbies they once enjoyed.
Monitor Judgment and Safety
A decline in judgment and decision-making abilities is an area to watch, as it can put the individual at risk. This may manifest as poor financial decisions, such as giving large sums of money to strangers or falling for scams. These lapses in judgment can have consequences.
Neglecting personal safety is another serious indicator of declining cognitive function. This can include actions like forgetting to turn off the stove or dressing inappropriately for the weather. Such behaviors not only endanger the individual but can also be an issue requiring immediate attention.
Support Loved Ones Facing Dementia
Observing these signs in a loved one can be difficult, but your support is helpful. Living with potential dementia can benefit from patience, understanding, and proactive steps to promote safety and well-being. Documenting specific behaviors can help provide clear information when discussing the situation with healthcare professionals. If you have noticed these signs and are concerned about a loved one, seeking a professional evaluation is the next step.
