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Red eyes occur when the small blood vessels on the surface of the eye (the conjunctiva) become swollen or dilated. This dilation makes the sclera, the white part of the eye, appear pink or reddish. While often a temporary and minor issue, understanding its accompanying symptoms and causes helps you determine what level of care you need. Here’s more information on eye redness and how to manage symptoms at home:
Red Eye Symptoms
The appearance of redness is often accompanied by other symptoms that range from mild to severe, depending on the underlying cause. These signs can help provide a clearer picture of what is happening with your eyes. Many individuals with red eyes report feelings of general discomfort or irritation.
Other symptoms may include a persistent itching or burning sensation. Some people describe a gritty feeling, as if a foreign object, like sand, is in the eye. Excessive tearing, blurred vision, or mild sensitivity to light can also occur.
Beyond redness, make note of any changes to the eye’s surface or to your vision. A watery discharge is common, but in some cases, a stringy mucus may be present. Eyelids can become swollen, and you may wake up with crust along the lash line. It is imperative to seek professional medical attention if you experience symptoms like:
- Severe or Worsening Pain
- Pronounced Sensitivity To Light
- Significant Changes in Your Vision
Red Eye Causes
Several factors lead to the dilation of blood vessels in the eyes. These range from environmental irritants to minor physical events and other underlying conditions. Here’s more on what may be causing your eye redness:
Allergies and Dry Eyes
Environmental allergens like pollen, dust, and pet dander are frequent culprits of eye redness and irritation. Prolonged screen time also leads to dry eyes, as people tend to blink less frequently, which reduces the tear film that lubricates and protects the eye’s surface, increasing redness and discomfort. Weather changes, medications, and surgery are also possible factors.
Broken Blood Vessels
A subconjunctival hemorrhage occurs when a tiny blood vessel breaks just underneath the clear surface of the eye, resulting in a red patch. This redness often appears without any obvious injury but can result from a strong sneeze, cough, or minor strain. While its appearance may be striking, it is typically a harmless occurrence.
Pink Eye and Other Conditions
Conjunctivitis, commonly known as pink eye, is an inflammation of the conjunctiva that can be caused by viruses, bacteria, or irritants. Overwearing contact lenses, especially overnight, can deprive the cornea of oxygen and lead to redness. Exposure to environmental factors, like smoke, chlorine in swimming pools, or other fumes, also inflames the eyes.
Red Eye Treatments
Certain at-home measures may provide temporary comfort for irritated, red eyes. These steps help soothe symptoms but are not a cure for underlying conditions. Applying a cool compress over closed eyes helps reduce swelling and provides a soothing sensation.
Those with busy lifestyles or who spend a lot of time working with screens may benefit from taking breaks to rest their eyes. Taking breaks from screens or other visually demanding tasks gives your eyes time to recover and properly rehydrate. Adjusting your environment, like using a humidifier or avoiding smoke, may also offer relief.
You can try a gentle eyelid massage or cleaning your eyelids with a diluted, non-irritating cleanser to maintain lid hygiene. Using lubricating eye drops can help replenish the moisture in your eyes. Try to avoid redness-relieving eye drops, as they constrict your blood vessels to decrease redness, which may sometimes make your symptoms worse over time.
Learn More About Red Eyes
Understanding the potential symptoms and causes of red eyes can help you manage minor discomfort at home. Simple methods like using cool compresses, taking eye breaks, and using lubricating drops may offer temporary relief. For persistent or worsening symptoms, schedule a consultation with an eye doctor. A professional evaluation can give you a proper diagnosis and a customized plan for your needs.
