A cataract is a clouding of the eye’s natural lens, which lies behind the iris and the pupil. This condition develops when proteins in the lens break down and clump together, creating a cloudy area. Over time, this cloudiness may grow larger, making it more difficult to see. Here is some information about the symptoms, causes, and treatment options for cataracts:
Cataract Symptoms
Cataract symptoms often develop slowly and may not be noticeable at first. A common sign is blurry or clouded vision, sometimes described as looking through a foggy window. This can affect your ability to perform daily tasks like reading or driving.
Another symptom is increased difficulty with vision at night. You might notice that headlights from oncoming cars cause more glare than before. Sensitivity to light and glare during the day is also a frequent complaint. Some people find that they need brighter light for reading and other close-up activities.
Colors may appear faded or yellowed, impacting how you perceive your surroundings. You might experience double vision in a single eye. Frequent changes in your eyeglass or contact lens prescription may also signal the progression of a cataract. If you notice any of these changes, it’s a good idea to have your vision checked.
Cataract Causes
The primary cause of cataracts is aging. As we get older, the proteins within the eye’s lens may start to break down and form clumps, which cloud the lens and interfere with light passing through to the retina. Genetics also plays a role in the development of cataracts. A family history of the condition may increase your likelihood of developing it. Previous eye injuries, eye surgery, or long-term use of steroid medications may also lead to the formation of cataracts. Lifestyle factors like excessive sun exposure without UV protection and smoking have also been linked to an increased risk.
Cataract Treatments
For early-stage cataracts, vision may be improved with new prescription eyeglasses, brighter lighting, or anti-glare sunglasses. These measures help manage symptoms, but they do not stop the cataract from progressing. When cataracts significantly interfere with daily activities, surgery becomes a practical option. The decision to have surgery is based on how much the cataract affects your quality of life. An eye care professional will discuss the procedure with you, including the different types of surgeries available.
Cataract surgery is a common and straightforward procedure. It involves removing the clouded lens and replacing it with a clear, artificial intraocular lens. The surgery is typically performed on an outpatient basis, meaning you do not have to stay overnight in a hospital. Many people report improved vision shortly after the procedure.
Treat Cataracts Today
Understanding the causes, symptoms, and treatments for cataracts empowers you to take control of your vision. While the condition often develops as a part of aging, there are clear paths forward for managing it. When vision loss from a cataract begins to affect your ability to perform everyday tasks, surgical treatment offers a solution. If you are experiencing symptoms, schedule an appointment with an eye care professional today.
